When I designed a field jacket to replace the bulky and orthodox pack they even called it the Gung Ho jacket. According to Christopher Blaker, a historian and editor with the U.S. Marine Corps History Division, “Their long combat knives were called ‘Gung Ho’ knives, their hunting jackets were christened ‘Gung Ho’ jackets, and meetings in the field became ‘Gung Ho’ meetings. : 'to work together'), acronym for Chinese Industrial Cooperatives (Chinese: 工業合作社; pinyin: Gōngyè Hézuòshè). I told the boys about it again and again, I told them of the motto of the Chinese Cooperatives, Gung Ho. “You’re being a little gung-ho about this.”. We Insist: A Timeline Of Protest Music In 2020, with 30,000 workers at 3,000 factories at its peak, professor at the University of Canterbury, Ready For A Linguistic Controversy? The country was largely economically reliant on Japan. In 1937, Carlson arrived in Shanghai to serve his third tour in China. Maybe you're a college freshman, emailing all of your professors before the semester starts to tell them how absolutely thrilled you are to be in their class. George Krainukov/Getty Images

And they named every new thing Gung Ho. Outside of conversational use, gung-ho seems to have taken on some other vague definitions, in order to signal anything from teamwork to militariness to a kind of broad “Asian-ness.” It’s the name of so many different companies (like really): a French-Cajun G.I. By many accounts, China during that era was not doing super well. “Woah, slow down,” they say. Or perhaps you’re a world leader expressing how totally great your international trade talks are about to go. (It doesn’t, and according to Brady, the cooperatives would have only been affiliated with the Communists in local pockets.). "As a result, the Gung Ho Battalion and its personnel soon were referred to as the 'gung ho bastards.'

Joe Character, a business strategy book from 1998 that exotifies both the Chinese origins AND Native Americans, and a 1986 Ron Howard film about Japanese businessmen in Pennsylvania, featuring Engrish that will make your skeleton ache. (It doesn't, and according to Brady, the cooperatives would have only been affiliated with the Communists in local pockets.). In 1937, Japan invaded and kicked off the second Sino-Japanese War. Its mission was “organizing the unemployed workers and refugees for production to support the War of Resistance.”, According to Anne-Marie Brady, that collaboration was how gung-ho entered the lexicon of many English speakers. 工業合作社 was abbreviated, as many long Chinese proper nouns are, to the first character of each part, 工合. When I designed a field jacket to replace the bulky and orthodox pack they even called it the Gung Ho jacket. But it didn't always. According to Christopher Blaker, a historian and editor with the U.S. Marine Corps History Division, "Their long combat knives were called 'Gung Ho' knives, their hunting jackets were christened 'Gung Ho' jackets, and meetings in the field became 'Gung Ho' meetings. Brady is a professor at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand who specializes in politics in China. So soon enough, Carlson rejoined the Marines and was given control of the newly-established 2nd Marine Raider Battalion, which came to be known as “Carlson’s Raiders.”, The Red Army influenced now-Lt. Col. Carlson’s leadership in a deeply idealistic way; every man would have input into the plans and officers had no distinct privileges until everyone felt they were earned. These were some of the first World War II victories for the U.S. against Japan, so the U.S. made sure to get the story in front of the public. Today, we use gung ho (sometimes gung-ho) to mean really, really enthusiastic. The linguist Albert Moe, who wrote an extensive article about gung-ho in 1967, writes, "As early as the latter part of 1942, Marines other than those in the Second Raider Battalion used gung-ho as a term of disparagement to describe anyone whose conduct or behavior was obnoxious or offensive." It was quite easy for foreigners to engage with activities in China and be part of a solution for addressing a serious problem like refugees.". During the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, in late 1940, a crowd of Chinese refugees push to enter the French Concession of Shanghai. Over eight years, an estimated 17 million civilians died, and 95 million more people became refugees. In 1939, he resigned from the Marine Corps because he was being censured for his vocal pro-China views. The linguist Albert Moe, who wrote an extensive article about gung-ho in 1967, writes, “As early as the latter part of 1942, Marines other than those in the Second Raider Battalion used gung-ho as a term of disparagement to describe anyone whose conduct or behavior was obnoxious or offensive.” Apparently, the Marine Raiders were known for being rowdy and ready to prove how “rough and tough” they were. He believed that gung-ho meant something about teamwork. In 1943, there was even a movie released called Gung Ho! We're talking organizations democratically run by workers, producing industrial goods like blankets and military uniforms. T. Hoffman describes it as "an unconventional military philosophy that was an admixture of Chinese culture, Communist egalitarianism, and New England town hall democracy. The country was largely economically reliant on Japan. A curious thing happened to gung-ho as it spread, though — it started to be a little less earnest, taking on the meaning it has now, that someone's a little too enthusiastic. Though the movement was relatively small, with 30,000 workers at 3,000 factories at its peak, it got outsized attention because English-speaking foreigners were involved, many of whom were central to forming the International Committee for the Promotion of Industrial Chinese Cooperatives (ICCIC). It was quite easy for foreigners to engage with activities in China and be part of a solution for addressing a serious problem like refugees.”. [5], List of United States Marine Corps acronyms and expressions, "Gung Ho!

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